A field experiment investigating age discrimination in four European labour markets

In a field experiment investigating age discrimination, pairs of men, aged 27 and 47, inquired about employment as waiters in towns across England, France, Germany and Spain. Statistically significant discrimination against the older waiter was found in all four countries, but it was considerably higher in France and Spain than in England and Germany.     

Erratic strategic decisions: when and why managers are inconsistent in strategic decision making

While decision makers in organizations frequently make good decisions rooted in stable and consistent preferences, such consistency in outcomes is not always the case. In this study, we adopt a psychological perspective of judgment to investigate managers' erratic strategic decisions, which we define as a manager's inconsistent judgments that can shape the direction of the firm. In a study of 2,048 decisions made by 64 CEOs of technology firms, we examine how both metacognitive experience and perceptions of the external environment (hostility and dynamism) could affect the extent to which managers make erratic strategic decisions. The results indicate that managers with greater metacognitive experience make less erratic strategic decisions. The results also indicate that in hostile environments managers make more erratic strategic decisions. But contrary to our expectations, in dynamic environments managers make less erratic strategic decisions. Similarly, hostility and dynamism interact in their effect on erratic strategic decisions in that the positive relationship between environmental hostility and erratic strategic decisions will be less positive for managers experiencing high environmental dynamism than those experiencing low environmental dynamism. These results have important implications for strategic decision‐making research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tuition fees and social segregation: lessons from a natural experiment at the University of Paris 9-Dauphine

Using a natural experiment, a sharp rise in tuition fees in some of the programmes at the University of Paris 9-Dauphine, we study the impact of tuition fees on students’ pathways, and outcomes. We apply an optimal matching method to the national database of students’ registrations (SISE) to define a typology of pathways. We then use a nonordered multinomial logit model to evaluate the impact of the rise in tuition fees on the types of pathways selected by the university. We show that there is a significant impact on these pathways. The increase in tuition fees reduces geographic and social mobility, thereby accentuating the phenomena of social segregation. Furthermore, contrary to what some of the studies assert, the rise does not appear to encourage greater effort: we find no impact on the graduation success rate.     

Regulatory performance of audit tournaments and compliance observability

This paper examines the effectiveness of traditional regulatory schemes and newly emerging social information schemes for achieving compliance. Our experiment focuses on two stochastic audit schemes for enforcing regulatory compliance. In the Random Audit mechanism firms are randomly chosen for inspection. In the Tournament Audit mechanism the probability of inspection increases with the degree of estimated underreporting. To study the effects of social information, the experiment varies the observability of identity, output, and compliance decisions. Optimal output is theoretically independent of the auditing scheme, but equilibrium reporting is higher under the Tournament mechanism than Random auditing. Experimental findings are broadly consistent with the theoretical predictions for reporting, but deviate modestly for output. In particular, we find that average output is lower and reporting is higher in the Tournament treatment compared to the Random Audit treatment. At the individual level, a majority of participants misreported in most periods. Social observability does not affect output or reporting significantly in either of the audit treatments.     

《国际集装箱运输》情景实验教学系统研究

提出了引入"情景实验"教学法的构想,在明晰了"情景实验"教学系统构建思路的基础上,对该系统的网络结构、体系架构、硬件选择和软件功能等进行了初步设计,并以本校"情景实验"教学系统的应用实效,展示了该系统对《国际集装箱运输》课程教学和学生实践能力的促进与提升作用。     

医药学专业有机化学实验教学绿色化改革的探索与实践

报道了对医药学专业有机化学实验进行绿色化改革的措施。通过新实验技术的应用、实验内容的更新、对环境友好试剂和反应的选用、实验的微量和半微量化、实验的重新组合、废物的回收利用等措施的实施,收到了有机实验绿色化的良好效果。     

提高电子信息类专业实验教学质量的方法研究

在目前电子信息类专业实验教学过程中,主要是采用Matlab语言编程的方法,编程环节中的代码调试占用了大量的实验时间。本文从Matlab软件内建的Simulink组件的功能出发,讨论了该组件在电子信息类专业课程实验中的应用,并以《数字信号处理》课程实验为例,分析了引入Simulink组件的效果,为进一步提高电子信息类专业实验教学质量提供了新的思路和方法。     

基于网络的高等医学院校虚拟实验室的建设初探

本文从高等医学院校开展虚拟实验教学的必然性出发,在探讨基于网络的虚拟实验室的基本功能的基础上,对高等医学院校建设网络虚拟实验室的重要性和前景进行了分析和探讨。     

金属材料冲击实验教学分析

在材料力学实验教学中常用简支梁式冲击弯曲试验来测定材料的冲击韧性αk值。并显示试件缺口处的力学特性(韧性或脆性)。由于冲击实验受到多种内在和外界因素的影响,要想正确反映材料的冲击特性,必须在冲击实验中做到标准化和规范化。     

UASB反应器设计及启动实验

UASB反应器是当前发展最快的一种废水处理工艺。本文重点介绍了UASB反应器的设计原则和设计方法,以及UASB反应器各部分尺寸的计算和确定原则,并对反应器进行了常温启动实验。实验结果表明:用葡萄糖配水模拟生活污水,进水COD控制在500mg/L,反应器运行一个月,进水COD去除率达到71.2%。进水的pH控制在7.5-8.0可以保证反应器的正常稳定运行。